NEET MCQs Practice on Molecular Basis of Inheritance Class-XII Biology, Free unlimited practice on Molecular Basis of Inheritance Class-XII Biology Mcqs

Match List-I with List-II regarding Meselson-Stahl Experiment.

List-I (Condition)	List-II (Density Result)
A. N-15 only (Generation 0)	I. Hybrid Density only
B. After 20 mins (Gen 1) in N-14	II. Heavy Density only
C. After 40 mins (Gen 2) in N-14	III. Hybrid and Light Densities

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

A-II, B-I, C-III
A-I, B-II, C-III
A-II, B-III, C-I
A-III, B-II, C-I

Correct Option: A [ A-II, B-I, C-III ]

Remark: Generation 0 in N-15 is all Heavy. Gen 1 in N-14 results in 100% Hybrid (N15-N14). Gen 2 results in 50% Hybrid and 50% Light.

Match List-I with List-II regarding Replication components.

List-I (Component)	List-II (Function)
A. Single Strand Binding Proteins	I. Initiation site
B. Origin of Replication (Ori)	II. Stabilize single-stranded DNA
C. Leading Strand	III. Synthesized continuously
D. Lagging Strand	IV. Synthesized discontinuously

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV

Correct Option: A [ A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV ]

Remark: SSB proteins stabilize the separated strands. Ori is the start site. Leading strand is continuous. Lagging strand is discontinuous.

Match List-I with List-II regarding Ribosome sites.

List-I (Site)	List-II (Function)
A. A-site	I. Holds the growing polypeptide chain
B. P-site	II. Exit site for empty tRNA
C. E-site	III. Accepts incoming Aminoacyl-tRNA

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

A-III, B-I, C-II
A-I, B-II, C-III
A-III, B-II, C-I
A-II, B-I, C-III

Correct Option: A [ A-III, B-I, C-II ]

Remark: A-site (Aminoacyl) accepts new tRNA. P-site (Peptidyl) holds the chain. E-site (Exit) releases the tRNA.

Match List-I with List-II regarding Lac Operon components.

List-I (Component)	List-II (Function)
A. Inducer (Lactose)	I. Binding site for Repressor
B. Repressor	II. Binding site for RNA Polymerase
C. Operator	III. Blocks transcription
D. Promoter	IV. Inactivates Repressor

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

Correct Option: A [ A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II ]

Remark: Lactose induces the operon by inactivating the repressor. The Repressor blocks transcription. The Operator is where the Repressor binds. The Promoter is where RNA Polymerase binds.

Match List-I with List-II regarding Mutation types.

List-I (Mutation)	List-II (Example/Description)
A. Point Mutation	I. Insertion/Deletion of base pairs
B. Frameshift Mutation	II. Sickle Cell Anemia
C. Silent Mutation	III. No change in amino acid sequence

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

A-II, B-I, C-III
A-I, B-II, C-III
A-II, B-III, C-I
A-III, B-I, C-II

Correct Option: A [ A-II, B-I, C-III ]

Remark: Point mutation involves a single base change (e.g., Sickle Cell). Frameshift involves insertions/deletions shifting the reading frame. Silent mutations do not change the amino acid.

Match List-I with List-II regarding DNA Fingerprinting applications.

List-I (Application)	List-II (Matching Pattern)
A. Paternity Test	I. 100% band matching
B. Crime Scene (Suspect vs Sample)	II. 50% band matching (One set of chromosomes)

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

A-II, B-I
A-I, B-II
A-I, B-I
A-II, B-II

Correct Option: A [ A-II, B-I ]

Remark: In paternity tests, the child matches 50% with the father (one set). In crime scenes, the suspect DNA should match 100% with the sample if they are the source.

Match List-I with List-II regarding Satellite DNA.

List-I (Type)	List-II (Feature)
A. Minisatellite	I. STRs (Short Tandem Repeats)
B. Microsatellite	II. VNTRs (Variable Number of Tandem Repeats)
C. Satellite DNA	III. Bulk of Repetitive DNA

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

A-II, B-I, C-III
A-I, B-II, C-III
A-II, B-III, C-I
A-III, B-I, C-II

Correct Option: A [ A-II, B-I, C-III ]

Remark: Minisatellites correspond to VNTRs. Microsatellites correspond to STRs. Satellite DNA forms the bulk of repetitive DNA.

Match List-I with List-II regarding Scientists and Years.

List-I (Event)	List-II (Year)
A. Griffith Experiment	I. 1953
B. Hershey-Chase Experiment	II. 1958
C. Double Helix Model	III. 1928
D. Meselson-Stahl Experiment	IV. 1952

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

Correct Option: A [ A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II ]

Remark: Griffith (1928), Hershey-Chase (1952), Watson-Crick (1953), Meselson-Stahl (1958).

Match List-I with List-II regarding Enzymes in Molecular Biology.

List-I (Enzyme)	List-II (Action)
A. DNase	I. Digests RNA
B. RNase	II. Digests Protein
C. Protease	III. Digests DNA

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

A-III, B-I, C-II
A-I, B-II, C-III
A-III, B-II, C-I
A-II, B-I, C-III

Correct Option: A [ A-III, B-I, C-II ]

Remark: DNase digests DNA. RNase digests RNA. Protease digests Protein. These were used in the Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment.

Match List-I with List-II regarding Blotting Techniques.

List-I (Technique)	List-II (Target Molecule)
A. Southern Blotting	I. Protein
B. Northern Blotting	II. DNA
C. Western Blotting	III. RNA

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

A-II, B-III, C-I
A-I, B-II, C-III
A-II, B-I, C-III
A-III, B-II, C-I

Correct Option: A [ A-II, B-III, C-I ]

Remark: Southern Blotting is for DNA. Northern Blotting is for RNA. Western Blotting is for Protein.

Molecular Basis of Inheritance: Class-XII

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