For sequencing, the total DNA from a cell is isolated and converted into random fragments of relatively small sizes and cloned in suitable host using specialized vectors like BAC and _______

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

• Plasmid
• Cosmid
• YAC
• Phage
Correct Option: C  [ YAC ]

Remark: BAC (Bacterial Artificial Chromosome) and YAC (Yeast Artificial Chromosome) were used.

The fragments were sequenced using automated DNA sequencers that worked on the principle of a method developed by _______

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

• Watson
• Crick
• Frederick Sanger
• Khorana
Correct Option: C  [ Frederick Sanger ]

Remark: Sanger sequencing method was used.

The human genome contains _______ million nucleotide bases.

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

• 3164.7
• 2000
• 1000
• 500
Correct Option: A  [ 3164.7 ]

Remark: The human genome has 3164.7 million (3.16 billion) bases.

The average gene consists of _______ bases.

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

• 300
• 3000
• 30000
• 30
Correct Option: B  [ 3000 ]

Remark: The average gene size is 3000 bases.

The largest known human gene is _______

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

• Insulin
• Dystrophin
• Myosin
• Actin
Correct Option: B  [ Dystrophin ]

Remark: Dystrophin is the largest gene at 2.4 million bases.

Less than _______ percent of the genome codes for proteins.

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

• 2
• 10
• 50
• 98
Correct Option: A  [ 2 ]

Remark: Less than 2% of the genome codes for proteins.

Repeated sequences make up very large portion of the human genome and are also called _______ DNA.

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

• Coding
• Satellite
• Functional
• Expressed
Correct Option: B  [ Satellite ]

Remark: Repetitive or Satellite DNA forms a large bulk.

Chromosome 1 has most genes (2968), and the _______ has the fewest (231).

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

• X
• Y
• 2
• 22
Correct Option: B  [ Y ]

Remark: The Y chromosome has the fewest genes.

SNPs stand for Single Nucleotide _______

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

• Polymers
• Polymorphisms
• Phosphates
• Proteins
Correct Option: B  [ Polymorphisms ]

Remark: SNPs are Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms.

DNA fingerprinting involves identifying differences in some specific regions in DNA sequence called _______ DNA.

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

• Coding
• Repetitive
• Viral
• Bacterial
Correct Option: B  [ Repetitive ]

Remark: Fingerprinting uses repetitive DNA.