The DNA strand that has the polarity 3' to 5' acts as a _______

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

• Coding strand
• Template strand
• Non-template strand
• Sense strand
Correct Option: B  [ Template strand ]

Remark: The 3'-5' strand acts as the template for 5'-3' RNA synthesis.

The strand which does not code for anything is referred to as the _______ strand.

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

• Template
• Coding
• Antisense
• Non-coding
Correct Option: B  [ Coding ]

Remark: The strand with the same sequence as RNA (except T/U) is called the coding strand, though it is not the template.

The promoter is located towards the _______ end of the structural gene (coding strand reference).

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

• 3'
• 5'
• Middle
• Variable
Correct Option: B  [ 5' ]

Remark: The promoter is at the 5' end (upstream) of the coding strand.

The terminator is located towards the _______ end of the coding strand.

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

• 5'
• 3'
• Middle
• Variable
Correct Option: B  [ 3' ]

Remark: The terminator is at the 3' end (downstream) of the coding strand.

A _______ is defined as a segment of DNA coding for a polypeptide.

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

• Exon
• Intron
• Cistron
• Codon
Correct Option: C  [ Cistron ]

Remark: A cistron is the functional unit of a gene coding for a polypeptide.

Monocistronic structural genes are found in _______

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

• Prokaryotes
• Eukaryotes
• Viruses
• Bacteria
Correct Option: B  [ Eukaryotes ]

Remark: Eukaryotes typically have monocistronic genes (one gene, one protein).

Polycistronic structural genes are common in _______

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

• Eukaryotes
• Prokaryotes
• Plants
• Animals
Correct Option: B  [ Prokaryotes ]

Remark: Bacteria/prokaryotes often have polycistronic genes (operons).

In eukaryotes, the coding sequences or expressed sequences are defined as _______

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

• Introns
• Exons
• Transposons
• Mutons
Correct Option: B  [ Exons ]

Remark: Exons are the expressed sequences that remain in mature mRNA.

The intervening sequences or non-coding sequences are called _______

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

• Exons
• Introns
• Cistrons
• Recons
Correct Option: B  [ Introns ]

Remark: Introns are removed during processing.

In bacteria, there is _______ DNA-dependent RNA polymerase.

[Molecular-Basis-of-Inheritance] [class-xii ]

• One
• Two
• Three
• Four
Correct Option: A  [ One ]

Remark: Bacteria have a single RNA polymerase for all RNA types.