The process where isolated naked protoplasts from two different varieties of plants are fused to generate a new plant is called somatic ________.

[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]

• cultivation
• variation
• replication
• hybridisation
Correct Option: D  [ hybridisation ]

Remark: Somatic hybridisation is the process of fusing isolated protoplasts from two different plant varieties.

The hybrid plant formed by fusing protoplasts of tomato and potato is known as ________.

[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]

• tomaco
• potata
• pomato
• tompok
Correct Option: C  [ pomato ]

Remark: The fusion of tomato and potato protoplasts resulted in the hybrid plant known as pomato.

Organisms whose genes have been altered by manipulation are called ________ Modified Organisms (GMO).

[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]

• Generally
• Genetically
• Globally
• Geographically
Correct Option: B  [ Genetically ]

Remark: Organisms whose genes have been altered by manipulation are called Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO).

Genetic modification has made crops more tolerant to abiotic stresses such as cold, drought, salt, and ________.

[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]

• wind
• heat
• floods
• humidity
Correct Option: B  [ heat ]

Remark: GM crops are more tolerant to abiotic stresses including cold, drought, salt, and heat.

The enhanced nutritional value of golden rice comes from its enrichment with ________.

[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]

• Vitamin C
• Vitamin A
• Iron
• Calcium
Correct Option: B  [ Vitamin A ]

Remark: Golden rice is Vitamin ‘A’ enriched rice.

Bt toxin is produced by the bacterium called ________.

[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]

• Agrobacterium tumefaciens
• Bacillus thuringiensis
• Escherichia coli
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Correct Option: B  [ Bacillus thuringiensis ]

Remark: Bt toxin is produced by a bacterium called Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt for short).

The Bt toxin protein exists as inactive ________ in the bacteria.

[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]

• enzymes
• hormones
• crystals
• protoxins
Correct Option: D  [ protoxins ]

Remark: The Bt toxin protein exists as inactive protoxins in the bacteria.

The Bt toxin becomes activated in the insect gut due to the ________ pH which solubilizes the crystals.

[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]

• acidic
• neutral
• alkaline
• low
Correct Option: C  [ alkaline ]

Remark: The alkaline pH of the insect gut solubilizes the crystals and converts the protoxin into the active toxin.

The activated Bt toxin binds to the surface of ________ epithelial cells in the insect gut.

[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]

• foregut
• midgut
• hindgut
• intestinal
Correct Option: B  [ midgut ]

Remark: The activated toxin binds to the surface of midgut epithelial cells.

The Bt toxin protein is coded by a gene named ________.

[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]

• tox
• Bt
• cry
• insecticidal
Correct Option: C  [ cry ]

Remark: The toxin is coded by a gene named cry.