The nutrient medium must provide inorganic salts, vitamins, amino acids and growth regulators like auxins, ________, etc.

[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]

• gibberellins
• cytokinins
• abscisic acid
• ethanol
Correct Option: B  [ cytokinins ]

Remark: Growth regulators like auxins and cytokinins must be provided.

The process of somatic hybridisation results in new hybrids, such as the ________, combining characteristics from two different plants.

[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]

• somaclone
• protoplast
• pomato
• explant
Correct Option: C  [ pomato ]

Remark: The fusion of tomato and potato protoplasts resulted in the pomato.

GM plants have been used to create tailor-made plants to supply alternative resources to industries, in the form of starches, fuels and ________.

[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]

• resins
• pharmaceuticals
• pigments
• lubricants
Correct Option: B  [ pharmaceuticals ]

Remark: GM has been used to create tailor-made plants to supply starches, fuels and pharmaceuticals.

Bt toxin genes expressed in plants effectively create a ________, providing resistance to insects.

[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]

• herbicide
• bio-pesticide
• fungicide
• nutrient supplement
Correct Option: B  [ bio-pesticide ]

Remark: The expression of the Bt toxin gene in plants created a bio-pesticide.

Bt strains produce proteins that kill certain insects, including ________ (beetles).

[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]

• Coleopterans
• Lepidopterans
• Dipterans
• Orthopterans
Correct Option: A  [ Coleopterans ]

Remark: Coleopterans (beetles) are killed by Bt proteins.

The Bt toxin proteins exist as protein ________ during a particular phase of the growth of Bacillus thuringiensis.

[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]

• spores
• crystals
• filaments
• capsules
Correct Option: B  [ crystals ]

Remark: B. thuringiensis forms protein crystals during a particular phase of their growth.

The binding of the activated Bt toxin to midgut epithelial cells creates ________ that cause cell swelling and lysis.

[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]

• bridges
• pores
• adhesions
• channels
Correct Option: B  [ pores ]

Remark: The activated toxin creates pores that cause cell swelling and lysis.

In the transgenic host plant designed to resist nematodes, the introduced DNA produced both sense and ________ RNA.

[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]

• coding
• messenger
• anti-sense
• ribosomal
Correct Option: C  [ anti-sense ]

Remark: The introduction of DNA was such that it produced both sense and anti-sense RNA.

The use of insulin isolated from non-human animal sources often caused patients to develop ________ or other types of reactions to the foreign protein.

[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]

• colds
• fever
• allergy
• headache
Correct Option: C  [ allergy ]

Remark: Insulin from an animal source caused some patients to develop allergy or other types of reactions.

The main challenge for production of insulin using rDNA techniques was getting insulin assembled into a ________ form.

[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]

• purified
• mature
• soluble
• complex
Correct Option: B  [ mature ]

Remark: The main challenge for production of insulin using rDNA techniques was getting insulin assembled into a mature form.