The sterilisation procedure in the female is called '________'.

[Reproductive-Health] [class-xii ]

• vasectomy
• oophorectomy
• hysterectomy
• tubectomy
Correct Option: D  [ tubectomy ]

Remark: Tubectomy is the surgical sterilisation for females, where a section of the fallopian tube is removed or tied to prevent the ovum from meeting the sperm.

In tubectomy, a small part of the ________ is removed or tied up.

[Reproductive-Health] [class-xii ]

• ovary
• uterus
• cervix
• fallopian tube
Correct Option: D  [ fallopian tube ]

Remark: The tubectomy procedure involves blocking gamete transport by removing or tying up a small part of the fallopian tube.

Surgical contraceptive techniques are highly effective but their ________ is very poor.

[Reproductive-Health] [class-xii ]

• acceptance
• reversibility
• affordability
• availability
Correct Option: B  [ reversibility ]

Remark: A major consideration for surgical sterilisation methods is that while they are highly effective, their reversibility is very poor, making them a permanent choice for most people.

Intentional or voluntary termination of pregnancy before full term is called ________ or induced abortion.

[Reproductive-Health] [class-xii ]

• spontaneous abortion
• stillbirth
• medical termination of pregnancy (MTP)
• ectopic pregnancy
Correct Option: C  [ medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) ]

Remark: Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP), also known as induced abortion, is the intentional termination of a pregnancy before the foetus is viable.

Nearly 45 to 50 ________ MTPs are performed in a year all over the world.

[Reproductive-Health] [class-xii ]

• thousand
• million
• billion
• trillion
Correct Option: B  [ million ]

Remark: Globally, an estimated 45 to 50 million Medical Terminations of Pregnancy are performed each year.

Government of India legalised MTP in the year ________ with some strict conditions to avoid its misuse.

[Reproductive-Health] [class-xii ]

• 1951
• 1961
• 1971
• 1981
Correct Option: C  [ 1971 ]

Remark: The Government of India legalized Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) in 1971, imposing strict conditions to prevent misuse, particularly for female foeticide.

MTPs are considered relatively safe during the ________ trimester, i.e., up to 12 weeks of pregnancy.

[Reproductive-Health] [class-xii ]

• first
• second
• third
• entire
Correct Option: A  [ first ]

Remark: Medical terminations of pregnancy are considered safest for the woman when performed during the first trimester (up to 12 weeks of gestation). Abortions in the second trimester carry significantly higher risks.

According to the MTP (Amendment) Act, 2017, termination within the first 12 weeks of pregnancy requires the opinion of ________ registered medical practitioner.

[Reproductive-Health] [class-xii ]

• one
• two
• three
• a panel of
Correct Option: A  [ one ]

Remark: The MTP (Amendment) Act, 2017 stipulates that for terminating a pregnancy within the first 12 weeks, the opinion of one registered medical practitioner is required.

For a pregnancy between 12 and 24 weeks, the MTP Act requires the opinion of ________ registered medical practitioners for termination.

[Reproductive-Health] [class-xii ]

• one
• two
• three
• a panel of
Correct Option: B  [ two ]

Remark: If the pregnancy has lasted more than 12 weeks but fewer than 24 weeks, the opinion of two registered medical practitioners is necessary for termination.

Infections transmitted through sexual intercourse are collectively called STIs or venereal diseases (VD) or ________.

[Reproductive-Health] [class-xii ]

• reproductive tract infections (RTI)
• pelvic inflammatory diseases (PID)
• congenital diseases (CD)
• acquired immunodeficiencies (AID)
Correct Option: A  [ reproductive tract infections (RTI) ]

Remark: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are also known by other names, including venereal diseases (VD) and reproductive tract infections (RTI).