Calculate the hourly Tidal Volume expired by a healthy human breathing normally:
I. Per minute TV = 6000 to 8000 mL. II. Per hour TV = 360,000 to 480,000 mL (360 to 480 liters). III. Per hour TV = 600 to 800 mL. IV. Per hour TV = 500 liters exactly.
Statements I and II are correct: Normal TV per minute is 6000–8000 mL. In one hour this becomes 360,000–480,000 mL (360–480 L).
Question 52 of 100
📘 CLASS XI
Arrange the following respiratory volumes in increasing order of their average numerical values:
I. Tidal Volume (TV) II. Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) III. Residual Volume (RV) IV. Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
The correct order is TV (500 mL) < ERV (1000–1100 mL) < RV (1100–1200 mL) < IRV (2500–3000 mL).
Question 53 of 100
📘 CLASS XI
Which of the following pulmonary volume combinations equals Functional Residual Capacity (FRC)?
I. ERV + RV II. TLC - IC III. TV + IRV IV. VC - IRV
Statements I and II are correct: FRC = ERV + RV. Also, TLC − IC = ERV + RV = FRC.
Question 54 of 100
📘 CLASS XI
Consider the following statements regarding clinical assessment of pulmonary volumes:
I. Pulmonary capacities are derived by adding up specific respiratory volumes. II. Spirometers help in clinical diagnosis by estimating air volumes involved in breathing. III. Residual volume can be directly measured from simple spirometer tracings. IV. Total Lung Capacity (TLC) includes Residual Volume.
Statements I, II, and IV are correct: Capacities are derived by summing respiratory volumes, spirometers estimate breathing volumes, and TLC includes RV. Statement III is incorrect because RV cannot be measured directly by simple spirometry.
Question 55 of 100
📘 CLASS XI
Which of the following statement options accurately defines Vital Capacity?
I. Maximum volume of air a person can breathe out after a forced inspiration. II. Equal to ERV + TV + IRV. III. Equal to Total Lung Capacity minus Residual Volume (TLC - RV). IV. Equal to TV + RV.
Statements I, II, and III are correct: VC = ERV + TV + IRV = TLC − RV. Statement IV is incorrect because VC excludes Residual Volume.
Question 56 of 100
📘 CLASS XI
Examine the statements regarding expiratory volume relationships:
I. Expiratory Capacity (EC) = TV + ERV II. Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) = ERV + RV III. Both EC and FRC contain ERV as a constituent volume. IV. FRC contains TV while EC contains RV.
Statements I, II, and III are correct. Statement IV is incorrect because EC contains TV while FRC contains RV.
Question 57 of 100
📘 CLASS XI
A person undergoes forced expiration. Which lung volume remains inside the lungs?
I. Residual Volume (RV) II. Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) III. Tidal Volume (TV) IV. Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
Only Residual Volume (RV) remains in the lungs after a forced expiration. ERV, TV, and IRV are expelled.
Question 58 of 100
📘 CLASS XI
A person undergoes normal quiet expiration. Which lung volumes remain inside the lungs?
I. Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) II. Residual Volume (RV) III. Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) IV. Tidal Volume (TV)
Statements I, II, and III are correct: After normal quiet expiration, the volume remaining in the lungs is Functional Residual Capacity (FRC), which comprises ERV + RV. Statement IV is incorrect because Tidal Volume is expired during normal expiration.
Question 59 of 100
📘 CLASS XI
Analyze the following statements about normal breathing frequency and spirometry:
I. Normal breathing frequency is 12-16 times per minute. II. Spirometers help in estimating the volume of air involved in breathing movements. III. Spirometry is useful in clinical assessment of pulmonary functions. IV. Spirometers measure the rate of cell division in bronchial epithelium.
Statements I, II, and III are correct: Healthy human breathing rate is 12–16 breaths/min, and spirometry measures respiratory volumes for clinical evaluation. Statement IV is incorrect because spirometers measure air volume movements, not epithelial cell division.
Question 60 of 100
📘 CLASS XI
Which statement combination correctly reflects the definition of Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)?
I. Volume of air inspired by forcible inspiration. II. Averages 2500 to 3000 mL. III. Additional to Tidal Volume. IV. Equals 1000 to 1100 mL.
Statements I, II, and III are correct: IRV is the additional volume inspired by forcible inspiration, averaging 2500–3000 mL. Statement IV is incorrect because 1000–1100 mL is the average for ERV.
