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Assertion (A):
The use of agrochemicals alone was insufficient to feed the growing human population despite the success of the Green Revolution.
Reason (R):
Agro-chemicals are often too expensive for farmers in the developing world, and existing crop varieties could not yield further increases using only conventional breeding.
[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]
Assertion (A):
Whole plants can be regenerated from an explant, demonstrating the phenomenon of totipotency.
Reason (R):
Totipotency is the capacity of any plant cell or explant to generate a complete, whole new plant when grown under sterile conditions in specialized nutrient media.
[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]
Assertion (A):
The successful production of genetically engineered human insulin required combining chains A and B *in vitro* after separate expression in E. coli.
Reason (R):
Producing insulin as a single pro-hormone in bacteria was challenging because *E. coli* lacks the necessary enzymatic machinery to remove the C peptide to form mature insulin.
[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]
Assertion (A):
The first clinical gene therapy was provided to a four-year-old girl suffering from Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) deficiency in 1990.
Reason (R):
ADA deficiency is a critical disorder because the enzyme ADA is essential for the proper functioning of the immune system.
[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]
Assertion (A):
One of the primary uses of transgenic animals is to study normal physiology and development.
Reason (R):
By introducing foreign genes that alter factors like insulin-like growth factor, scientists can study the biological effects and roles of these factors in the body.
[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]
Assertion (A):
The use of conventional methods like serum and urine analysis is sufficient for the early detection of pathogenic diseases.
Reason (R):
Molecular diagnostic techniques like PCR and ELISA are generally used for diagnosis only when the concentration of the pathogen is very high and symptoms have already manifested.
[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]
Assertion (A):
Transgenic plants are developed to reduce post-harvest losses.
Reason (R):
Genetic modification enables crops to be more tolerant to abiotic stresses like cold, drought, salt, and heat.
[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]
Assertion (A):
The use of Agrobacterium vectors is essential in creating nematode-resistant tobacco plants using RNAi.
Reason (R):
Agrobacterium vectors are used to introduce nematode-specific DNA into the host plant, ensuring that both sense and anti-sense RNA are produced, which forms dsRNA.
[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]
Assertion (A):
Basmati rice was crossed with semi-dwarf varieties and patented by a US company in 1997.
Reason (R):
The patent was controversial because it was granted on a variety essentially derived from traditional Indian farmer varieties, raising issues of biopiracy.
[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]
Assertion (A):
Transgenic animals are routinely used to produce biological products such as human alpha-1-antitrypsin.
Reason (R):
This protein is used for the treatment of emphysema, demonstrating the capacity of transgenic animals to serve as 'biological factories' for expensive human therapeutics.
[Biotechnology-and-its-Applications] [class-xii ]
This Page Score: 0/40