Biomolecules MCQs

Which of the following statements regarding primary vs. secondary metabolite categories are correct?

I. Primary metabolites have identifiable functions and play known roles in normal physiological processes.
II. Secondary metabolites are produced in plant, fungal, and microbial cells.
III. Morphine and codeine are secondary metabolites classified as essential oils.
IV. Rubber, gums, and cellulose are secondary metabolites classified as polymeric substances.

Which of the above statements are correct?

Which of the following statements regarding secondary metabolite classifications (NCERT Table 9.3) are correct?

I. Carotenoids and anthocyanins are secondary metabolites functioning as pigments.
II. Monoterpenes and diterpenes are categorized as terpenoids.
III. Concanavalin A is a toxin, while abrin and ricin are lectins.
IV. Vinblastin and curcumin are secondary metabolites categorized as drugs.

Which of the above statements are correct?

Which of the following statements regarding molecular weight boundaries of biomolecules are correct?

I. Biomacromolecules in the acid-insoluble fraction (except lipids) have molecular weights in the range of 10,000 Daltons and above.
II. Micromolecules or simple biomolecules have molecular weights less than 1,000 Daltons.
III. Lipids have molecular weights ranging strictly between 10,000 and 50,000 Daltons.
IV. The acid-soluble pool contains small molecular weight organic compounds (18–800 Da).

Which of the above statements are correct?

Which of the following statements regarding cell membrane fragmentation during tissue grinding are correct?

I. Grinding living tissue in trichloroacetic acid disrupts cell membrane structures.
II. Disrupted cell membranes and organelle membranes form water-insoluble vesicles.
III. Membrane vesicles get separated along with the acid-insoluble fraction.
IV. Vesicle formation renders membrane lipids completely soluble in trichloroacetic acid.

Which of the above statements are correct?

Which of the following statements regarding amino acid heteropolymers and essentiality are correct?

I. Proteins are linear chains of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.
II. Proteins are heteropolymers of 20 types of amino acids, not homopolymers.
III. Essential amino acids cannot be synthesized by the body and must be supplied through diet.
IV. Non-essential amino acids are those that are synthesized in the body.

Which of the above statements are correct?

Which of the following statements regarding protein functions in living systems are correct?

I. Collagen serves as intercellular ground substance in animal tissues.
II. Trypsin functions as an enzyme while Insulin functions as a hormone.
III. Antibodies are specialized proteins that fight infectious agents.
IV. GLUT-4 is a sensory receptor protein that detects smell and taste.

Which of the above statements are correct?

Which of the following statements regarding biospheric abundance and roles of proteins are correct?

I. Collagen is the most abundant protein in the animal world.
II. Ribulose bisphosphate Carboxylase-Oxygenase (RuBisCO) is the most abundant protein in the whole biosphere.
III. Collagen is a polysaccharide found predominantly in plant cell walls.
IV. RuBisCO is an enzyme involved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis.

Which of the above statements are correct?

Which of the following statements regarding polysaccharide structures (cellulose, starch, glycogen) are correct?

I. Cellulose is a homopolymer composed strictly of glucose monosaccharide units.
II. Starch serves as a storehouse of energy in plant tissues, whereas glycogen serves as an energy store in animals.
III. In a glycogen polysaccharide chain, the right end is non-reducing and the left end is reducing.
IV. Cotton fiber and paper made from plant pulp are cellulosic in nature.

Which of the above statements are correct?

Which of the following statements regarding the iodine test and polysaccharide secondary structures are correct?

I. Starch forms helical secondary structures.
II. Starch holds I₂ molecules in its helical portion to form a blue-coloured complex.
III. Cellulose contains complex helices that trap iodine, yielding a dark blue colour.
IV. Inulin is a polymeric polysaccharide composed of fructose monomers.

Which of the above statements are correct?

Which of the following statements regarding complex polysaccharides and chitin are correct?

I. Complex polysaccharides contain amino-sugars and chemically modified sugars such as glucosamine and N-acetyl galactosamine.
II. The exoskeleton of arthropods contains a complex polysaccharide named chitin.
III. Complex polysaccharides like chitin are mostly homopolymers.
IV. Plant cell walls are composed of chitin while fungal cell walls are made of inulin.

Which of the above statements are correct?